Bladder cancer is one of the most commonly occurring cancers in the world. It is estimated that over two million patients worldwide are living with bladder cancer.
Bladder cancer is the fifth most common neoplasm and the 12th leading cause of cancer death in the U.S. Males are affected three times more frequently than women. No effective screening technique is available for detection of bladder cancer. Moreover, Bladder cancer has the highest rate of recurrence among all US malignancies (over 75%), and there exists a high demand for an effective monitoring program.